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排版友好的版本 Notes on Initializing Quagga for Ubuntu 8.04 <伊落丹> Illidan.modeler@gmail.com Northern Capital, Republic of Pandaria Quagga is a routing software package that provides TCP/IP based routing services with routing protocols support such as RIPv1, RIPv2, RIPng, OSPFv2, OSPFv3, BGP-4, and BGP-4+. With quagga we can turn an ordinary PC into a multiple-interface router. In addition, it is easy to monitor and study routing/signaling traffic if the router software is run on a PC than on a commodity hardware router, since we're able to run protocol analyzer software such as wireshark. This short manual will show you how to run a quagga routing software, with a very basic configuration. All the configuration work flow is against the topology given below. Note: In the text below, quagga commands, to be input in quagga CLIs, are highlighted by deep shadowed background color. Don't confuse them with Linux shell commands, which are highlighted by light background color. 0. Install the software sudo apt-get install quagga 1. Prepare the configuration file cd /etc/quagga sudo cp /usr/share/doc/quagga/examples/ospf.conf.sample ospfd.conf 2. Start Quagga edit /etc/quagga/daemons There's an entry for each daemon, with a default option of 'no'. Change it to 'yes' to invoke it. For this experiment, change the options for ospf and zebra to 'yes'. Start quagga with the following command: sudo /etc/init.d/quagga start It invokes those daemons with 'yes' in configuration file. 3. Configure ospf paramters telnet 127.0.0.1 2604 When it prompts for password, provide the default password 'zebra'. The default ports for quagga daemons' vty can be found at /etc/services. zebrasrv 2600/tcp # zebra service zebra 2601/tcp # zebra vty ripd 2602/tcp # ripd vty (zebra) ripngd 2603/tcp # ripngd vty (zebra) ospfd 2604/tcp # ospfd vty (zebra) bgpd 2605/tcp # bgpd vty (zebra) ospf6d 2606/tcp # ospf6d vty (zebra) ospfapi 2607/tcp # OSPF-API isisd 2608/tcp # ISISd vty (zebra) You can also view the port in the fly by issuing a command 'sudo netstat -anp -A inet' to the Linux shell. After login, we get a quagga command line interface via the telnet session. Configuring quagga ospf routing is almost identical to configure Cisco ospf routing. Next, in quagga CLI, issue the following commands. enable configure terminal At this point, we've entered the configuration mode. Configure an ospf process to advertise network 192.168.1.0/24. router ospf network 192.168.1.0/24 area 0 Since quagga currently doesn't support multiple ospf processes, there's no process id at the end of line 'router ospf'. And please note that this ospf process is not a process to the operating system Linux. It's a 'logical' process within quagga's realm. 4. Configre the Cisco router At this point, we might start our wireshark if we want to view the OSPF packets, such as Hello, LS Update, LS Ack, etc. The cisco router is configured to advertise network 192.168.1.0/24 and 192.168.3.0/24 for OSPF. ! interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 ip route-cache flow half-duplex ! interface Ethernet0/1 ip address 192.168.3.100 255.255.255.0 ip route-cache flow half-duplex ! router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 ! 5. Verify zebra is an IP routing manager. It provides kernel routing table updates, interface lookups, and redistribution of routes between different routing protocols. Log in zebra vty to view the IP forwarding table. telnet 127.0.0.1 2601 Router> show ip route Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF, I - ISIS, B - BGP, > - selected route, * - FIB route ... O>* 192.168.3.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.1.100, ath0, 00:01:54 We can see that quagga has learned the route of 192.168.3.0/24 via ospf. In a common BASH, try ping 192.168.3.100 PING 192.168.3.100 (192.168.3.100) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.3.100: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=12.2 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.3.100: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=2.23 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.3.100: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=2.30 ms

Ubuntu8.04上的Quagga初始化配置手册