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我是用的是Xilinx v5的板，里边的处理器是powerpc440，交叉编译工具是ELDK，我没有用uboot，因为是Xilinx板子自带的SystemACE能引导启动。我在CF卡上分了2个分区，一个是FAT16，用来存放.ace文件（ace文件由内核镜像zImage.elf和Xilinx EDK生成的与硬件配置相关的dowload.bit合并而成）；另一个是EXT3分区，用来存放根文件系统。用busybox编译时，改了一个网上的脚本： #!/bin/sh # # mkrootfs creates a root filesystem for the # Xilinx ML507 embedded development kit. # # # # Modify variables below to meet your requirements # # position of your embedded rootfs LFS=/opt/ml507_rootfs # cross compiler prefix CC=powerpc-linux-gcc # target prefix TARGET_PREFIX=/opt/eldk/ppc_4xxFP # cross build tools directory BUILD_TOOLS=/opt/eldk/ # embedded linux kernel sources PPC_KERNEL=/root/Download/linux-2.6-xlnx.git MKROOTFS=`pwd` echo "mkrootfs starting..." echo if [ "$1" = "-h" ] || [ "$1" = "--help" ]; then echo "usage: $0 [options]" echo echo "options:" echo " -h | --help - show this help" echo " -ieee1394 - build and install firewire support (libraw, libdc, etc.)" exit fi if [ "$1" = "-ieee1394" ]; then echo "Building ML300 root filesystem with IEEE1394 firewire support in $LFS" else echo "Building ML507 root filesystem in $LFS" fi echo "...press a key to proceed or CTRL-C to abort..." read cd ${MKROOTFS} # remove old rootfs, if exist if [ -a ${LFS} ] then echo "Removing old rootfs..."; rm -rf ${LFS} fi # create directories echo Creating directory structure... mkdir -p ${LFS}/{bin,boot,dev/{pts,shm},etc/opt,home,lib,mnt,proc} mkdir -p ${LFS}/{root,sbin,tmp,usr/local,var,opt} for dirname in ${LFS}/usr ${LFS}/usr/local do mkdir $dirname/{bin,etc,include,lib,sbin,share,src} ln -s share/{man,doc,info} $dirname mkdir $dirname/share/{dict,doc,info,locale,man} mkdir $dirname/share/{nls,misc,terminfo,zoneinfo} mkdir $dirname/share/man/man{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8} done mkdir ${LFS}/var/{lock,log,mail,run,spool} mkdir -p ${LFS}/var/{tmp,opt,cache,lib/misc,local} mkdir ${LFS}/opt/{bin,doc,include,info} mkdir -p ${LFS}/opt/{lib,man/man{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}} chmod 0750 ${LFS}/root chmod 1777 ${LFS}/tmp ${LFS}/var/tmp # for syslogd ln -s /tmp/messages ${LFS}/var/log/messages # copy glibc echo Copying glibc... cd ${TARGET_PREFIX}/lib cp *-*.so ${LFS}/lib cp -d *.so.[*0-9] ${LFS}/lib cp libSegFault.so libmemusage.so libpcprofile.so ${LFS}/lib echo "glibc files installed. To reduce the size of installed libraries, use strip /lib/*.so" # install nsswitch.conf from build-tools/glibc/nss/ echo Installing /etc/nsswitch.conf cp ${BUILD_TOOLS}/ppc_4xxFP/etc/nsswitch.conf ${LFS}/etc # install kernel modules echo "Install kernel modules..." #cd ${PPC_KERNEL} cp -a /opt/modules4rfs/* ${LFS} #/opt/modules4rfs里面是lib/modules,是事先我在内核源码目录下make modules&&make modules_install生成的 # install /etc echo "Installing /etc..." cd ${MKROOTFS} cp -a etc ${LFS} # install /home echo "Installing /home..." cd ${MKROOTFS} cp -a home ${LFS} # done echo "Your rootfs has been created." echo echo "Now installing busybox to get a running system." cd /opt/busybox-1.13.3 # Adjust .config for installing the busybox targets properly. #mv .config .config.OLD #cat .config.OLD | sed /^PREFIX/d > .config.OLD2 && rm -f .config.OLD #echo "PREFIX=\"$LFS\"" > .config #cat .config.OLD2 >> .config && rm -f .config.OLD2 make && make install # FireWire support if [ "$1" = "ieee1394" ]; then echo "Adding FireWire IEEE1394 support (libraw1394, libdc1394)" cd ${MKROOTFS} sh mklibraw1394.sh sh mklibdc1394.sh fi echo "Changing permissions and ownerships" chown -R root ${LFS} chmod -R a+x ${LFS} echo "Done." 执行脚本之前，还先make menuconfig了一下，改了一下安装路径，并把Cross Compiler Prefix设为powerpc-linux-gcc 然后把所有的文件夹拷贝到ext3分区里边，启动时minicom的全部信息如下： Using Xilinx Virtex440 machine description Linux version 2.6.29-rc5 (root@localhost.localdomain) (gcc version 4.2.2) #12 P9 Zone PFN ranges: DMA 0x00000000 -> 0x00010000 Normal 0x00010000 -> 0x00010000 Movable zone start PFN for each node early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges 0: 0x00000000 -> 0x00010000 MMU: Allocated 1088 bytes of context maps for 255 contexts Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 65024 Kernel command line: console=ttyS0 root=/dev/xsa2 rw init=/sbin/init Xilinx intc at 0x81800000 mapped to 0xfdfff000 PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 10, 4096 bytes) clocksource: timebase mult[d55555] shift[22] registered Console: colour dummy device 80x25 Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) Memory: 256128k/262144k available (3264k kernel code, 5856k reserved, 128k data) Calibrating delay loop... 598.01 BogoMIPS (lpj=1196032) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 net_namespace: 880 bytes NET: Registered protocol family 16 PCI: Probing PCI hardware bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 XGpio: /plb@0/gpio@81460000: registered XGpio: /plb@0/gpio@81400000: registered XGpio: /plb@0/gpio@81420000: registered XGpio: /plb@0/gpio@81440000: registered NET: Registered protocol family 2 IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) TCP reno registered NET: Registered protocol family 1 msgmni has been set to 500 io scheduler noop registered io scheduler anticipatory registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered (default) Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled 83e00000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x83e01003 (irq = 16) is a 16550A console [ttyS0] enabled brd: module loaded loop: module loaded xsysace 83600000.sysace: Xilinx SystemACE revision 1.0.12 xsysace 83600000.sysace: capacity: 1000944 sectors xsa: xsa1 xsa2 Xilinx SystemACE device driver, major=254 Device Tree Probing 'ethernet' xilinx_lltemac 81c00000.ethernet: no IRQ found. mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice TCP cubic registered NET: Registered protocol family 17 RPC: Registered udp transport module. RPC: Registered tcp transport module. kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds EXT3-fs warning: mounting unchecked fs, running e2fsck is recommended EXT3 FS on xsa2, internal journal EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. VFS: Mounted root (ext3 filesystem) on device 254:2. Freeing unused kernel memory: 168k init Warning: unable to open an initial console. Bad trap at PC: 48016e4c, SR: 2d000, vector=2010 init has generated signal 5 but has no handler for it Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! Rebooting in 180 seconds.. 当我把Cross Compiler Prefix设为powerpc-linux-后，红色那行Bad trap at PC: 10155218, SR: 2d000, vector=2010，PC值变了。后来我还试过直接用powerpc-linux-gcc编译了一个helloworld可执行程序并更名为init，然后把/sbin下的init替换掉，结果还是Bad trap at PC ，具体的值我就没有记下来另外，我把网上下载的ramdisk.tar.gz和zImage.elf一起生成的initrd-zImage.elf，然后再和download.bit文件合成.ace文件却能顺利从CF启动。有谁也是在做类似的东西的，请帮帮忙，谢谢！

xilinx powerpc440启动出错